Kukana kwa Corrosion kwa Hastelloy

Hastelloy ndi aloyi wa Ni-Mo wokhala ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri ndi silicon, womwe umachepetsa mvula ya carbides ndi magawo ena m'madera omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha, motero amaonetsetsa kuti weldability wabwino ngakhale mu welded state. Kukana dzimbiri. Monga tonse tikudziwira, Hastelloy ali ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yochepetsera, ndipo imatha kupirira kutentha kwa hydrochloric acid pa kutentha kulikonse komanso ndende iliyonse mopanikizika wamba. Imakhala ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri mu sing'anga-ndende yopanda oxidizing sulfuric acid, ndende zosiyanasiyana za phosphoric acid, kutentha kwa acetic acid, formic acid ndi ma organic acid, bromic acid ndi mpweya wa hydrogen chloride. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imagonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri ndi halogen catalysts. Choncho, Hastelloy nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamafuta a petroleum ndi mankhwala, monga distillation ndi kuchuluka kwa hydrochloric acid; alkylation wa ethylbenzene ndi low-pressure carbonylation acetic acid ndi njira zina kupanga. Komabe, zapezeka mukugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale a Hastelloy kwa zaka zambiri:

(1) Pali madera awiri olimbikitsa ku Hastelloy alloy omwe amakhudza kwambiri kukana kwa dzimbiri la intergranular: malo otentha kwambiri a 1200 ~ 1300 ° C ndi malo otentha apakati a 550 ~ 900 ° C;

(2) Chifukwa cha tsankho la dendrite la zitsulo zowotcherera ndi malo okhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa aloyi ya Hastelloy, magawo a intermetallic ndi carbides amalowa m'malire a tirigu, kuwapangitsa kukhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa intergranular;

(3) Hastelloy imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamafuta pang'onopang'ono. Pamene chitsulo chomwe chili mu alloy Hastelloy chikugwera pansi pa 2%, alloy imakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa gawo la β (ndiko kuti, gawo la Ni4Mo, chigawo cholamulidwa cha intermetallic). Aloyiyo ikakhala mu kutentha kwa 650 ~ 750 ℃ ​​kwa nthawi yayitali, gawo la β limapangidwa nthawi yomweyo. Kukhalapo kwa gawo la β kumachepetsa kulimba kwa aloyi ya Hastelloy, kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yovuta kupsinjika, komanso kumayambitsa Hastelloy alloy Kutentha kwachinthu chonse) ndi zida za Hastelloy kusweka pamalo ogwirira ntchito. Pakadali pano, njira zoyesera zoyeserera za intergranular corrosion resistance of Hastelloy alloys zosankhidwa ndi dziko langa ndi mayiko ena padziko lapansi ndi njira yanthawi zonse yowiritsa ya hydrochloric acid, ndipo njira yowunikira ndiyo njira yochepetsera thupi. Popeza Hastelloy ndi aloyi kugonjetsedwa ndi hydrochloric acid dzimbiri, yachibadwa kuthamanga otentha hydrochloric acid njira si tcheru kuyesa intergranular dzimbiri chizolowezi Hastelloy. Mabungwe ofufuza asayansi apanyumba amagwiritsa ntchito njira yotentha kwambiri ya hydrochloric acid pophunzira ma alloys a Hastelloy ndipo adapeza kuti kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa ma alloys a Hastelloy sikutengera kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala, komanso njira yake yowongolera matenthedwe. Pamene njira yopangira matenthedwe imayendetsedwa molakwika, osati njere za kristalo za Hastelloy alloys zimakula, komanso gawo la σ lokhala ndi Mo lalitali lidzawomberedwa pakati pa mbewuzo. , kuzama kwa malire a tirigu ku mbale ya coarse-grained ndi mbale yabwinobwino ndi pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri.